Application of Low-Voltage MOSFETs in Stepper Motor Drivers

Advantages of Low-Voltage MOSFETs in Stepper Motor Drivers 1. Improved Efficiency: The low on-resistance and fast switching speed of low-voltage MOSFETs significantly enhance energy conversion efficiency, eliminating the energy losses and heat generation associated with conventional switching components. 2. Enhanced Precision: By precisely controlling the MOSFET’s on/off states, it is possible to achieve accurate regulation of the stepper motor’s speed and torque, thereby improving system accuracy and stability. 3. Increased Reliability: Low-voltage MOSFETs feature current‑limiting and over‑temperature protection, enabling rapid circuit interruption in the event of overload or abnormal current conditions. This safeguards both the motor and its drive system, enhancing overall system reliability.

I. Introduction

A stepper motor driver is a device used to control the motion of a stepper motor; it converts control signals into control voltages or currents that the stepper motor can recognize. It finds extensive applications in industrial automation, including robotics, printing presses, woodworking machines, and inkjet printers. The basic structure of a stepper motor driver typically comprises the following components:

1. A stepper motor is a type of actuator that converts electrical energy into precise positional displacement, serving as a critical component for achieving accurate motion control in mechanical systems.

2. The drive circuit of a stepper motor driver is a critical component for controlling the stepper motor, and it primarily consists of a commutator, an amplifier, a comparator, and other driving circuits.

3. The control circuit converts external control signals into control voltages or currents that the stepper motor can recognize, thereby enabling stepper motor control.

II. Typical Application Topology Diagram

The stepper motor drive circuit employs N-channel power MOSFETs configured as complementary pairs—typically two to four such pairs. The controller receives feedback from the stepper motor, selects an appropriate turn-on sequence, and controls the on/off states of the MOSFETs to perform commutation, positioning, speed regulation, and other operational tasks.

III. The Role of Low-Voltage MOSFETs in Stepper Motor Drivers

1. Switching components: In stepper motor drive circuits, low-voltage MOSFETs are typically used as switching elements; by controlling their on‑off states, the motor’s speed, direction, and start/stop operations can be precisely regulated.

2. Adjust the current: Low‑voltage MOSFETs feature low on‑resistance and fast switching speeds, enabling efficient operation in high‑frequency, high‑power applications while minimizing energy losses. By modulating the MOSFET’s on/off states, the current flowing through the stepper motor can be precisely controlled, allowing for accurate regulation of both speed and torque.

3. Protection Circuit: Low‑voltage MOS devices also feature current protection and over‑temperature protection. In stepper motor drive systems, when an overload or current anomaly occurs, the MOS can quickly disconnect the circuit, safeguarding the motor and its drive system from damage.

IV. Advantages of Low-Voltage MOSFETs in Stepper Motor Drivers

1. Improve efficiency: The low on‑resistance and fast switching speed of low‑voltage MOSFETs significantly enhance energy conversion efficiency, thereby eliminating the energy losses and heat generation associated with conventional switching devices.

2. Improve accuracy: By precisely controlling the on/off states of the MOS switches, it is possible to achieve accurate regulation of the stepper motor’s speed and torque, thereby enhancing the system’s accuracy and stability.

3. Enhance Reliability: Low‑voltage MOS devices feature current‑protection and over‑temperature protection, enabling rapid circuit interruption in the event of overload or abnormal current conditions. This safeguards the motor and its drive system from damage, thereby enhancing system reliability.

V. Low-Voltage MOS Selection Chart

Medium- and Low-Voltage MOS
Serial number	Model number TYPE NO.	Die	Product Polarity Channel the	Leakage current ID (A)	Drain-to-source breakdown voltage VDSS (V)	Gate-source voltage VGS (V)	Threshold voltage VGS(th) (V)		On-state resistance RDS(ON) 10V(mΩ)		On-state resistance RDS(ON) 4.5V(mΩ)		Mold code Die Code	Area mm2	Chip size The Size (mm)	Package
					Min.	Min.	Min.	Max.	TYPE	MAX	TYPE	MAX
1	LT60N02AG	1	N	60	20	±12	0.4	1.2			4.8	6.3	LW	1.48	1.42*1.04	PDFN5*6
2	LT30N03AG	1	N	30	30	±20	1	2	9.2	12	14	21	KC	0.97	1.28*0.76	PDFN5*6
3	LT40N03AG	1	N	40	30	±20	1	2.5	6.5	8.5	8.3	14	FV	1.6	1.6*1	PDFN5*6
4	LT60N03AG	1	N	60	30	±20	1	2.5	6.5	8.5	8.3	14	FV	1.6	1.6*1	PDFN5*6
5	LT80N03AG	1	N	80	30	±20	1	2.5	3	4.5	5	8	JO	2.73	1.98*1.38	PDFN5*6
6	LT100N03AG	1	N	100	30	±20	1	2.5	3.5	5.1	4.4	11	Forward	2.52	1.26*2	PDFN5*6
7	LT120N03AG	1	N	100	30	±20	1.2	2.2	2.8	3.6	4.7	6.1		3.42	2.18*1.57	PDFN5*6
8	LT150N03AG	1	N	150	30	±20	1.2	2.2	2.5	3	3.8	6	KP	4.26	2.38*1.79	PDFN5*6
9	LT180N03AG	1	N	180	30	±20	1	2.5	2.1	2.7	3.5	5	KQ	5.88	2.71*2.17	PDFN5*6
10	LT60N04AG	1	N	60	40	±20	1	2.5	14.9	19.8	16	25	AI	1.65	1.5*1.1	PDFN5*6
11	LT80N04AG	1	N	80	40	±20	1	2	5.5	7	9	12	KG	2.73	1.98*1.38	PDFN5*6
12	LT140N04AG	1	N	140	40	±20	1	2.2	2	2.7	2.5	3.5	LN	7.69	3.26*2.36	PDFN5*6
13	LG200N04AG	1	N	200	40	±20	1	2.5	0.5	0.74			HR	11.37	3.6*3.2	PDFN5*6
14	LT30N06AG	1	N	30	60	±20	1.6	2.5	22.5	29	28	38	KL	1.44	1.4*1.03	PDFN5*6
15	LT50N06AG	1	N	50	60	±20	1.2	2.5	13.5	17	18	23	LR	2.77	1.9*1.46	PDFN5*6
16	LT60N06AG	1	N	60	60	±20	1.2	2.5	13.5	17	18	23	LR	2.77	1.9*1.46	PDFN5*6
17	LG160N06AG	1	N	160	60	±20	2	4	2.8	3			Knockout	9	3.6*2.5	PDFN5*6
18	LT80N06AG	1	N	80	60	±20	2	4	5.3	7			LX	5.86	2.7*2.2	PDFN5*6
19	LT100N08AG	1	N	100	80	±20	2	4	6.2	7			LB	9.048	3.48*2*60	PDFN5*6
20	LT15N10AG	1	N	15	100	±20	1	2.5	88	110	95	140	Goalkeeper	1.1	1.4*0.81	PDFN5*6
21	LG50N10AG	1	N	50	100	±20	1.2	2.5	15	18.5	18.5	24.5	KM	2.62	1.81*1.45	PDFN5*6
22	LG60N10AG	1	N	60	100	±20	1.3	2.3	8.2	9.5	11.5	13.5	IJ	4.66	2.4*1.94	PDFN5*6
23	LG80N10AG	1	N	80	100	±20	1.2	2.5	6	7.9	8	10.5	JU	5.89	2.86*2.06	PDFN5*6
24	LG120N10AG	1	N	120	100	±20	2	4	4.5	5.62			LS	10	3.76*2.66	PDFN5*6
25	LX3205A1	1	N	110	55	±20	2	4	7.5	9	10	15	CJ	15.05	3.5*4.3	TO-220AB
26	LT40N03AP	1	N	40	30	±20	1	2.5	6.5	8.5	8.3	14	FV	1.6	1.6*1	TO-220C
27	LT60N03AP	1	N	60	30	±20	1	2.5	6.5	8.5	8.3	14	FV	1.6	1.6*1	TO-220C
28	LT120N03AP	1	N	100	30	±20	1.2	2.2	2.8	3.6	4.7	6.1		3.42	2.18*1.57	TO-220C
29	LT150N03AP	1	N	150	30	±20	1.2	2.2	2.5	3	3.8	6	KP	4.26	2.38*1.79	TO-220C
30	LT180N03AP	1	N	180	30	±20	1	2.5	2.1	2.7	3.5	5	KQ	5.88	2.71*2.17	TO-220C
31	LT100N04AP	1	N	100	40	±20	1	2.5	4.2	5.5	6.5	10	KW	4.26	2.38*1.79	TO-220C
32	LT140N04AP	1	N	140	40	±20	1	2.2	2	2.7	2.5	3.5	LN	7.69	3.26*2.36	TO-220C
33	LG200N04AP	1	N	200	40	±20	1	2.5	0.5	0.74			HR	11.37	3.6*3.2	TO-220C
34	LT50N06AP	1	N	50	60	±20	1.2	2.5	13.5	17	18	23	LR	2.77	1.9*1.46	TO-220C
35	LT60N06AP	1	N	60	60	±20	1.2	2.5	13.5	17	18	23	LR	2.77	1.9*1.46	TO-220C
36	LG160N06AP	1	N	160	60	±20	2	4	2.8	3			Knockout	9	3.6*2.5	TO-220C
37	LG100N08AP	1	N	100	80	±20	2	4	5.4	6.5			IF	7.92	3.26*2.43	TO-220C
38	LT100N08AP	1	N	100	80	±20	2	4	6.2	7			LB	9.048	3.48*2*60	TO-220C
39	LG220N08AP	1	N	220	80	±20	2	4	2.3	3.2			KU	16.54	4.6*3.5	TO-220C
40	LG50N10AP	1	N	50	100	±20	1.2	2.5	15	18.5	18.5	24.5	KM	2.62	1.81*1.45	TO-220C
41	LG60N10AP	1	N	60	100	±20	1.3	2.3	8.2	9.5	11.5	13.5	IJ	4.66	2.4*1.94	TO-220C
42	LG80N10AP	1	N	80	100	±20	1.2	2.5	6	7.9	8	10.5	JU	5.89	2.86*2.06	TO-220C
43	LG120N10AP	1	N	120	100	±20	2	4	4.5	5.62			LS	10	3.76*2.66	TO-220C
44	LG130N10AP	1	N	130	100	±20	2	4	3.4	4.25				13.99	4.14*3.38	TO-220C
45	LG200N10AP	1	N	200	100	±20	2	4	3	3.6			LC	13.99	4.14*3.38	TO-220C
46	CS18N20AP	1	N	18	200	±30	2	4	100	120				10.836	3.939*2.75 1	TO-220C
47	CS28N20AP	1	N	28	200	±30	2	4	70	90				14.76	3.50 * 4.21	TO-220C
48	CS34N20AP	1	N	34	200	±30	2	4	60	70				18.67	4.05*4.61	TO-220C
49	CS50N20AP	1	N	50	200	±30	2	4	48	58			KR	24.51	4.65*5.27	TO-220C
50	LG80N10AF	1	N	80	100	±20	1.2	2.5	6	7.9	8	10.5	JU	5.89	2.86*2.06	TO-220F

 

If you require a more comprehensive component selection table, please contact the relevant sales representative for assistance.